Microsatellite Instability (MSI)
This test aids in selecting the most suitable treatment and facilitates individualized cancer therapy. Microsatellite instability (MSI) is predominantly observed in colorectal cancer and endometrial carcinoma. MSI has also been identified in cervical cancer, gastric cancer, glioblastoma, melanoma, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer.
The MSI assay:
- Establishes the prognosis for patients with stage II colorectal cancer (CRC).
- Identifies persons at elevated risk for Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer (Lynch Syndrome).
- Facilitates the identification of patients eligible for ColonAIQ monitoring
- Facilitates the prediction of 5-FU therapy.
- Forecasts the patient’s reaction to immunotherapy.
| Cancer | MSI Prevelance | Histology |
|---|---|---|
| Breast | <%1, unless occuring in young women with HNPCC | |
| Cervical | 5% | Advanced Cancers |
| Colorectal Cancer | 15% | All Cancers |
| Endometrial | Up to 33% | 40% of endometrioid tumours and 2% of serous tumours |
| Gastric | 15% | All Cancers |
| Glioma | 0-33% | Controversial dat. Pediatric, young adults |
| Head and Neck Cancer | None | |
| Hepatocellular | <1% | |
| Lung Cancer | <1% | |
| Melanoma | 2-77% | Inconsistent data |
| Ovarian | 10% | All Cancers |
| Pancreatic and Periampullar | 1% in sporadic PDAC, 10% in cancers of periampullary area | All cancers |
| Prostate Cancer | Up to 12% | Advanced stage cancers |
| Renal cell carcinoma | None | |
| Sarcoma | None | |
| Sebaceous skin tumours | 25% | All Cancers |
| Thyroid | 1% | All Cancers |
Specifications for MSI Assays
Microsatellite instabilities associated with cancer throughout the genome have been correlated with an improved response to immunotherapy. A Microsatellite Instability High (MSI-H) condition may arise when the DNA Mismatch Repair (MMR) machinery malfunctions.
Genomic DNA is isolated from the tumor tissue following microscopic examination and macro-dissection. A next-generation sequencing test employing 76 markers to evaluate Microsatellite Instability (MSI) status in tumor-only and tumor-normal samples, leveraging Ion Ampliseq technology.
Sequencing is performed with the Next Generation Sequencing platform Ion Gene Studio S5 Prime System (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The assessment yields outcomes for specific microsatellites and produces an MSI score. A sample is deemed positive if the MSI score exceeds 30.
For patients whose response to immunotherapy requires exclusive investigation, the Immune Response test is advised, encompassing the three biomarkers TMB, MSI, and PD-L1 for predicting immunotherapy response.
The examination encompasses all cancer kinds and assists in forecasting patients’ reactions to immunotherapy. MSI is predominantly observed in colorectal cancer and endometrial carcinoma. Microsatellite instability (MSI) has also been identified in cervical cancer, gastric cancer, glioblastoma, melanoma, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer.
A paraffin block comprising tumor tissue or unstained paraffin slides
Payment may be executed via bank transfer or debit/credit card.
Please contact the Customer Service concerning the reception of the sample. The results are communicated to both you and your doctor by email.
